Did you become unemployed? don’t be discouraged.…while you land a new job, learn the Requirements to collect Unemployment offered by the Spanish Social Security. ohKeep reading our article!
Requirements to collect Unemployment
In order to collect unemployment or the «unemployment benefit» as it is also known, you will first have to comply with the following requirements:
- Be affiliated and in a situation of registration or assimilated to registration in the Social Security, in a regime that contemplates the contingency for unemployment.
- Find yourself in a legal situation of unemployment and accredit availability to actively seek work and to accept a suitable placement.
- Have contributed to Social Security for a period of at least twelve months.
- It is not necessary to have worked twelve months in a row, but twelve months in total during the six years prior to the time of job loss.
- Not having reached the age that entitles you to a retirement pension.
Steps to collect Unemployment
Once you meet the requirements, follow the steps below to process the unemployment benefit:
- The processing to collect the benefit must be carried out during 15 business days after the dismissal or the end of the contract.
- Go to the corresponding employment office. (This is determined by the zip code of the town or city where the person lives.)
- To find out which office corresponds to us, we can call the Employment Council of our autonomous community and request information.
- When you gather the required documents, make an appointment at the INEM office that belongs to you.
- You can do it by phone or online
- The day you have an appointment at SEPE (INEM), you must present all your documentation.
- Once there, you will have to fill out the unemployment benefit application form.
- Then wait a few days and the INEM will notify you by letter of the concession.
NOTE: Before submitting your application to collect unemployment, you have to register with the job seeker service, that is, get the unemployment card.
Remember that:
- It is recommended that you do it a couple of days before
- The unemployment card is requested at the same INEM office
- This process will not take you more than 10 or 15 minutes.
- An official will open your file and inform you of the different courses that you can access in your city through the employment service of your autonomous community.
The documentation basic that must be presented includes:
- Unemployment benefit application form completed indicating personal data.
- Original and copy of the DNI or NIE (Foreign Identification Number).
- Direct debit form, indicating the entity and the account number where we want the benefit to be placed.
Once this document has been submitted, it must be taken to the bank for it to be viewed, that is, to confirm that the direct debit details are correct. Then you have to deliver it to the employment office.
- Communication of data to the payer. This is a form from the Ministry of Finance that must be filled in with personal data such as the number of children so that the corresponding personal income tax withholding is applied to us according to our particular situation.
- Activity commitment. The beneficiary of the unemployment benefit must sign this document in which they agree to actively look for work, apply to cover the job offers provided by the employment office, accept suitable offers and participate in information and guidance actions, etc. .
- Authorization to collect information from the Tax Agency. There you authorize the employment office so that it can consult certain tax data on a computer. Otherwise, you will have to provide the information yourself.
- Company certificate (filled out, stamped and signed) of the last 180 days of contributions. This document must be requested from the company. As many certificates as companies where you have worked in the last six months must be delivered to the employment office.
- Copy of TC-2 of the last 180 days of contributions stamped by the financial institution. This document must also be requested from the company, except if it is covered by the RED system. In this case, the employment office can access the information it needs by computer.
- Last payslip and photocopy of each employment relationship terminated in the last 180 days of contributions.
- Documentation that certifies the legal situation of unemployment. The most common is the dismissal letter, the contract and notice of termination, the CMAC minutes or the court ruling.
Who can collect Unemployment?
The contributory level unemployment benefit is an economic benefit whose purpose is to protect workers who lose their jobs through no fault of their own.
PTherefore, people who have lost their jobs permanently, due to dismissal or at the end of a temporary contract, can benefit from it.
They are also entitled to this benefit:
- Those who lose their job temporarily.
- Those who see their ordinary working hours temporarily reduced, at least by one third, with the corresponding proportional reduction in salary.
The temporary loss of employment and temporary reduction in working hours occur when a company presents an Employment Regulation File (ERE), in most cases due to a sharp drop in production.
It is a situation that takes place especially in times of crisis.
For example: sometimes companies are forced to present an ERE and if the labor authority accepts it, at this time the employees stop working for a few days a year and during that period they receive unemployment.
If, on the other hand, their working hours and salary are temporarily reduced, in that case the strike covers the part of the salary that the company stops paying them.
If you are on vacation:
One of the modifications introduced by Royal Decree Law 5/2002 of May 24 on Urgent Measures for the reform of the unemployment protection system is the one that refers to vacations.
Before the reform, the worker could process the unemployment benefit the day after being fired. Now, if he has pending vacation days, he must wait for them to elapse before starting the procedures at the employment office, although this period is considered as a listed occupation.
Take into account that:
- The termination of the employment relationship of the previous company should not occur due to voluntary leave, since it does not generate the right to unemployment.
For how long can unemployment be collected?
To begin with, you must contribute a minimum of 360 days to be entitled to unemployment benefits in the last six years.
The minimum period of right to unemployment benefit at its contributory level is 6 months with a maximum of two years depending on the contribution period as indicated in the following table:
Take into account the following considerations:
- Only those contribution periods that have not been used to collect unemployment, that is, have not already been computed to collect unemployment, both at the contributory and welfare level, can be counted.
- The quoted time corresponding to part-time or reduced-time work will be computed as a quoted day, regardless of the day.
- The period that corresponds to vacations not taken will be computed as a contribution period.
What is the corresponding amount of Unemployment?
The first thing we must know is our regulatory base, in order to make the calculation.
The regulatory base is obtained by knowing the contribution for the contingency, for unemployment corresponding to the last 180 days and dividing it by 180. Common contingencies will appear on the payroll as the base.
Overtime is not included for the purposes of the regulatory base.
Once the regulatory base is known, the benefit is calculated as follows:
70% during the first 180 days.
50% from day 181
minimum amount 2018
However, the unemployment benefit will in no case be less than the following amount:
- With dependent children (one or more): 664.74 euros, that is, 107 of the IPREM plus 1/6 of the IPREM, multiple-effect income indicator.
- Without dependent children: 497 euros, that is, 80% of the IPREM plus 1/6 of the IPREM.
- Formula= 107% or 80% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM)
Maximum amount 2018
On the other hand, there is also a maximum amount limit:
- With dependent children: 200% if you only have one, and 225% if you have more than one of the IPREM plus 1/6 of the IPREM.
- A dependent child: 1,242.52 euros.
- Two or more dependent children: 1,397.83 euros.
- Without dependent children: 1087.20 euros, that is, 175% of the IPREM plus 1/6 of the IPREM.
- Formula= 175% or 225% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM)
- Dependent children are considered when they meet certain requirements:
- Are under 26 years of age or older with a degree of disability equal to or greater than 33%.
- Live with the beneficiary or have a legal obligation by virtue of a judicial resolution or an agreement to financially support the child.
- They lack income equal to or greater than the SMI.
Types of Unemployment
According to the types of employment, there are two types of unemployment:
- total unemployment: when the worker temporarily or permanently ceases the activity that he had been carrying out, and is deprived of his salary.
Situation that can be caused by a dismissal or an ERE of suspension.
- Partial unemployment: when the worker sees a temporary reduction in his ordinary daily work schedule and his salary, between a minimum of 10% and a maximum of 70%.
This is the case of unemployment due to reduced working hours.
Why is unemployment charged?
The unemployment benefit is part of the Spanish social security that protects those who, being able and wanting to work, lose their job or see their ordinary working hours reduced, offering them an economic benefit, commonly called unemployment.
This in order to attenuate,
to a certain extent, the loss of the salary that he had been receiving in his previous job.
If you are unemployed, don’t waste any more time…gather your Requirements to collect unemployment and enjoy the social security that corresponds to you.
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