The Peruvian pension system is a mechanism made up of two main regimes: the System national of pensions (Decree Law No. 19990) and the Private Pension System (SPP)whose nature is to offer workers the power to contribute and contribute in order to obtain a pension in the future.
The main objective of this article is to provide you with the necessary information corresponding to the Requirements to Retire in Perudescribe the current situation of these systems and guide you in the matter in order to facilitate the process.
Conditions to retire in Peru
If the applicant wishes to receive his pension entitlement but is registered in the Private System of pensionnesdepending on the regime to be chosen, it must meet certain conditions, which are listed below:
- If it’s about JOrdi Early Retirementnaria, the applicant can obtain it before the age of 65, as long as the totality of his Individual Capitalization Account (CIC) is sufficient to offer him a pension equal to or greater than 40% of the average income received and declared during the last 120 years. months prior to the date of the retirement application.
In addition, it must be updated by the Consumer Price Index; the Recognition Bonus would be included, if that were the case.
Another condition is to have made contributions for a minimum of 72 months in relation to the income received or declared income of the last 120 months prior to the month in which the application is submitted.
- On the other hand, regarding the Early Retirement due to Unemployment, The insured must be unemployed for 12 months or more, consecutively and uninterruptedly, in addition to the fact that the period of unemployment must correspond to the month prior to the date of filing the application.
In relation to age, women from 50 years of age and men from 55 years of age, in both cases under 65 years of age. In addition, the pension calculated in the AFP must be greater than or equal to the Minimum Vital Remuneration (S/.930 in force as of 2018.).
- If you want to opt for the Early Retirement Law No. 19990 the affiliate must be under 65 years of age and have entered the Private Pension System before January 2, 2002.
Also, if the worker works in a high-risk place, they can request the Early Retirement for Risk Labor Workers.
It is important to point out that in this regime the conditions also vary depending on the modality to choose.
Requirements to Retire in Peru
Depending on the type of pension to choose, requirements may vary. However, the most common are:
- Valid DNI, document or Affidavit that validates the employment relationship and the addresses where the employer’s payroll books are located; If the address does not match the DNI, a receipt or Affidavit must be attached to validate it.
In the case of belonging to the Private Pension System, must collect:
- The sealed and signed pension application, simple copy of the current identity document, simple copy of those documents that prove the income received in the previous 120 months;
- Affidavit of not having the right to a minimum pension (if applicable), document that validates the condition of potential beneficiaries of the affiliate and signed Affidavit of Exchange of Funds.
In the same way, later you will be able to find the requirements in detail depending on the type of pension to choose.
Steps to Retire in Peru
In this section we will indicate how to process your retirement application in a very fast and simple way, of course, depending on the type of Peruvian pension system.
The pensioning process of an insured of National Pension System (SNP) is segmented into six steps:
- 1.-Presentation of application and receipt of documents
Do you consider that you meet the conditions and requirements to retire? Then do not wait any longer and go to any of the 32 ONP Service Centers located throughout the national territory and present all the necessary documents to validate your employment relationship;
Such as job letters, pay stubs, settlement of social benefits, among others. Then, they will be assigned an appointment to verify documents, do timely follow-up and validate compliance with the requirements according to the Single Text of Administrative Procedure (TUPA).
- 2.-Analysis of the information
In this step, compliance with all the necessary precautions to process the application corresponding to the pension right will be validated.
On the contrary, if the situation of not having any evidence of the contributions declared in your application arises, a visit to the indicated institutions or entities will be scheduled to corroborate said contributions.
- 3.-Accreditation of contributions
Here the accreditation of the contributions that have the support according to the Law will be proceeded.
- 4.-Evaluation of the right and qualification of the file
In this step, it will be determined whether or not the requirements to be entitled to the pension are met through the evaluation of the documentation presented by the insured and that obtained in the administrative process, all carried out by a team of specialized assessors.
Depending on the result obtained from the analysis, the file will be qualified, generating and signing the resulting documents.
- 5.-Sending the result to the administrator
Once all the documentation has been evaluated, the insured will be sent via email all the documents generated in the previous stage, correctly signed and sealed by the ONP.
Through this email, it will be determined whether or not the citizen is entitled to the requested pension. In the event of not being able to send the documents to the member, they will be delivered to the ONP Service Center closest to the member’s home and the person must look for them within a period of no more than 30 business days.
If the insured does not proceed to withdraw their results, they will be published in the official newspaper called «El Peruano» and in one with national circulation.
- 6.-Payment programming
If the insured’s right to a pension is recognized, the payment will be scheduled by the Benefits Office of the ONP. Finally, the file will be archived and the applicant’s status will be changed to pensioner, thus completing the process.
On the other hand, if you chose to retire through the Private Pension System (SPP)at the time of requesting your right you will receive a Certificate of Estimate of Retirement and/or Pension Options, then you will need to complete these steps according to regular pension scheme:
- 1.-Pension Application
The first step to take is to sign the Retirement Application. If the account is incomplete or you do not have the documents that allow you to prove your beneficiaries, you can request a preliminary pension.
- 2.-Conformity
Here you will be informed within a period of 5 to 8 business days if the request was accepted or rejected, as well as if you access the Pension Surplus.
- 3.-Request for Quotations
If it was accepted, it will proceed to request the calculation of the payment according to the type of pension.
- 4.-Presentation of Quotations
Approximately 7 business days after requesting the contributions, an offer will be received from the SPP indicating the calculations of the aforementioned pension modalities.
- 5.-Choice of Modality
Once the most appropriate type of pension for the applicant has been chosen, the process will be completed. 1.-
- 6.-Pension Payment
Finally, 15 business days after having chosen the modality, the payment of the retroactive pension will be received to the month in which the application was submitted or from the last payment of the preliminary pension.
In However, if the citizen registered in the SPP wishes to opt for a type pension special retirement scheme, You will likewise receive the Proof of Estimate and Withdrawal Options and/or, but you must:
- 1.-Present the Retirement Application (mentioned in the previous modality), consigning the documents of the applicant’s family group and those that demonstrate compliance with the requirements.
- 2.-passing by 10 working daysyou will be told if the attached receipts are correct or not.
- 3.-Later, the Superintendence of Banking, Insurance and AFP (SBS) The request must be approved and forwarded to the Pension Standardization Office (ONP).
This step has a period of 90 days from the submission of the application.
- 4.-The ONP will determine approximately 90 days after receiving the documents whether or not the insured is entitled to the Complementary Bonus and its value by means of a resolution.
If the applicant does not agree with the decision of the entity, he can appeal.
- 5.-The following month after signing the final opinion, the applicant will receive payment of your pension retroactive to the date on which the application was submitted.
Types of pension
Currently, Peru has two social protection systems in terms of pensions, at the public level there is the National Pension Systemyes (SNP) and in the private sector the Private Pension System (SPP), in which one is guarded by the State and the other belongs to the private sphere in charge of entities called Pension Fund Administrators (AFP).
Consequently, a citizen at the time of ceasing his work operations may opt for any of these pension modalities in order to receive a retirement pension, regardless of whether he is a dependent or independent worker.
However, it is important to be very well informed about both alternatives in order to choose the most convenient system.
- The National Pension System (SNP) It is a benefit created by Decree Law No. 19990 on May 1, 1973, which a citizen receives at the end of his working life once he reaches 65 years of age, as long as he has contributed in a period greater than 20 years 13% of their monthly income to the aforementioned system.
It should be noted that the SNP is operated by the Social Security Normalization Office (ONP) and also offers pensions for disability, orphanhood and ancestry, widowhood and death capital.
- On the contrary, the SPrivate Pension System (SPP) It was created on December 6, 1992 by the Government through Decree Law No. 25897 as an alternative to the pension regimes administered by the State.
It is in charge of the Administrators of pension funds (AFP) in which workers can receive the monetary benefit of a retirement pension once they reach 65 years of age, without the requirement of contributions in an estimated period.
It is important to point out that the CIC increases on a monthly basis with the new contributions and the profitability generated by the investments of the accumulated fund.
Additionally, This mechanism gives its affiliates the option to retire early through Ordinary Early Retirement, added to other services such as: retirement pension, disability pension, survivor’s pension and burial expenses.
What is the amount of Retirement Pension?
According to Decree Law No. 19990 governed by the National Pension System the amount of retirement pension is between S/415 and a maximum amount of S/857.36.
On the contrary, in the SPP the amount will depend on an Individual Capitalization Account of the insured (the amount and frequency of the contributions made, the age at which contributions begin and the profitability generated by the AFP).
In addition, the contribution required by dependent workers is 10% of the remuneration received. The pensions paid by the AFPs are on average S/1,100.00.
The information about the «Steps and Requirements for Change of Assistance Center EsSalud» it may interest you.
What is Retirement?
The retirement It is that stage of life in which we stop working and it begins to live from savings or wealth formed throughout our active working life.
In this sense, retirement is the action in which a person ceases their work activities and becomes labor inactive for different reasons, either due to age or physical problems that make it difficult for the individual to work.
Therefore, the Republic of Peru considers various types of retirement according to the modality of NATIONAL PENSION SYSTEM, among which we have:
1) Early Retirement
This type of pension is an alternative that the insured can have in the National Pension System (DL No. 19990) in which a pension for retirees is granted. before reaching the age of 65 indicated in the Law.
It is important to note that the beneficiaries can be women of at least 50 years of age and with 25 years of contribution, men must have reached 55 years of age and have 30 years of contribution.
- Applicants must go to any of the ONP Service Centers with the following required documents:
- Present the valid DNI and in case of being a foreigner, present a legible copy of the immigration card or, failing that, the applicant’s passport.
- In the case of submitting the application by a third party, a General Power of Attorney or a Special Power of Attorney must be consigned if the attorney is also authorized to sign Affidavits. In both cases, the ID of the attorney and the principal must be shown. Foreigners simply must present a legible copy of their passport or immigration card.
- Submit any type of document that proves the employment relationship and the address(es) where the employer’s payroll books are located (if known).
The documents that can be used are:
- Letter of work, as long as it is endorsed and signed by the person who is authorized.
- Remuneration payment slips with name, position and legible signature of the person signing it.
- Proof of contributions from ORCINEA, IPSS or EsSalud.
- Copy of payroll books.
REMEMBER:
- If you are a medical insured, you must collect a simple legible copy of the resolution for registration or recovery of your medical condition (as long as it has not been issued by ONP) and proof of payment that reflects the contributions made.
- If the declared address does not match the one that appears on the DNI, a copy of the payment receipt for any public service and/or Affidavit must be attached.
- If it is a disabled person, they must be registered in the National Registry of Persons with Disabilities under CONADIS and record the Certificate of Disability.
2) Retirement due to severance
This type of retirement was created for those cases of State institutions that were liquidated. On the other hand, active state entities are responsible for paying pensions to their former employees according to DL 20530 (modified by Law No. 28449).
However, in this situation, the ONP has the duty to attend to the qualification of the right to a severance pension. Any citizen interested in obtaining this retirement may request it at the company where he stopped working and must meet the following requirements:
- Be incorporated into the National Pension System.
- Men must have lent between 15 and 30 years of service.
- Women must have provided between 12 ½ to 25 years of service.
3) Disability retirement
It is a monthly benefit that you can request if you have a physical or intellectual disability. The disability pension granted by the National Pension System benefits people considered disabled, that is, the insured person who is in prolonged or considered permanent physical or mental disability, therefore, their ability to generate a fair remuneration is hindered.
In this sense, the amount of the monthly disability pension will be equal to 50% of the holder’s reference incomeas long as it does not exceed S/857.36, this being the maximum pension amount.
In turn, in the event that the insured requires special attention from another person, they will be granted a monthly bonus added to their disability pension.
However, the total balance may not exceed the maximum pension amount offered by the SNP (S/857.36).
On the other hand, if the disabled insured had a family burden, such as a spouse and/or children of age to receive an orphan’s pension, the disability pension will increase by a percentage comprised of:
- Between 2-10% of the remuneration by reference for the spouse, and between 2-5% for each child, as long as it does not exceed S/857.36. It is important to note that the ONP will evaluate each case periodically to verify the continuity of the condition.n invalid.
This article may interest you: «Procedures and Requirements for the Health Card in Peru».
On the contrary, the PRIVATE PENSION SYSTEM grants several alternatives at the time of retirement, with the aim of opting for the one that best suits the applicant’s need, among them we have:
1) Retirement by Legal Age
It is the one granted to the insured once he reaches 65 years of age. To request it, you must go to any of the AFP offices with the following requirements:
- Signed and stamped Pension Application.
- Simple copy of the valid identity document
- Simple copy of those documents that prove the income received in the previous 120 months, to calculate the pension surplus.
- Affidavit of not having the right to a minimum pension, if applicable.
- Document evidencing the condition of potential beneficiaries of the member.
- Affidavit of Exchange of Funds signed.
2) Ordinary Early Retirement
This modality corresponds to the one that can be obtained before the age of 65, of course, complying with the following:
- Signed and stamped Pension Application
- Simple copy of the valid identity document
- Simple copy of the documents that validate the income received in the last 120 months prior to the presentation of the application that are not registered in the SPP.
- Document evidencing the condition of potential beneficiaries of the member.
3) Early Retirement due to Unemployment
The insurer can retire before the age of 65 as long as he is unemployed for a period greater than or equal to 120 months, consecutively and without interruption. You simply have to enter:
- Signed and stamped Pension Application
- Simple copy of the valid identity document
- Simple copy of the documents that validate the income received in the last 120 months prior to the presentation of the application that are not registered in the SPP.
- Document evidencing the condition of potential beneficiaries of the member.
- Affidavit that validates the applicant’s status as unemployed, correctly signed.
4) Early Retirement Law No. 19990
It is a benefit that can be acquired before the age of 65 as long as you have joined the SPP before January 2, 2002. Simply needed:
- Signed and stamped Pension Application.
- Simple copy of the valid identity document.
- Simple copy of the documents that prove the years of contribution to the SNP, to access an early retirement pension according to DL 19990.
- Affidavit of Contributions of the Affiliate to the SNP signed.
- Simple copy of those documents that validate the income received for up to 60 consecutive months, immediately prior to the last month of contribution registered in the SPP.
- Document or Affidavit where the domicile is validated.
- Document evidencing the condition of potential beneficiaries of the member.
5) Early Retirement for Risk Workers
It is one that benefits workers whose jobs are high risk since they can retire before the age of 65.
In this sense, they can retire through the extraordinary regime (depending on the number of years of exposure to risk) and the generic regime (they are for those who do not comply with the Extraordinary Regime but who contribute extra amounts to their funds since January 2002 in order to advance your retirement).
- The beneficiaries of this type of retirement are those workers who work in any of the following activities:
- Underground mining extraction.
- Open pit mining.
- In mining, metallurgical and steel production centers exposed to risks of toxicity, danger and unhealthiness.
- Civil construction activities.
What companies can retire in Peru?
All companies nationwide can retire their employeesas long as they are enrolled in the National Pension System (SNP) and that in turn they are making contributions of 13% on their remuneration received in a period greater than or equal to 20 years.
As the years go by, there is the possibility of modernizing the Peruvian pension systems with the aim of making them more productive and more agile when processing any corresponding request.
We recommend the following article: «What are the requirements for the SIS?»
Remember that this social benefit is a right that corresponds to you as a citizen of the Republic and that it can help you at that stage in which you stop working.
The important thing is to investigate each of them very well before carrying out any unnecessary diligence, as well as opting for the one that best suits the applicant’s needs; That is why we hope that the Steps and Requirements to Retire in Peru They have been of great help to you!
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